Tau beta sigma 5 and 812/24/2023 ![]() ![]() These proteins affect cell mitosis and motility by inducing imbalances in microtubule dynamics, thereby playing significant roles in tumorigenesis and progression.Ĭentrosomal Protein 20 (CEP20), also known as FOP-Related Protein of 20 KDa (FOR20), localizes to both centrioles and centriolar satellites 18, 19. Aberrant expression of microtubule-related proteins, such as Stathmin, Tau, and protein family possessing Ras-associated domains, is well-reported in tumor cells 15, 16, 17. Therefore, Paclitaxel acts as a tumor suppressor by reducing cell mitosis in various cancers, including ovarian, breast, and lung 12, 13, 14. One of the most effective drugs is Paclitaxel, which binds to polymerized microtubules and promotes their assembly while inhibiting their depolymerization, thus forming stable non-functional microtubules 12. As a result, tumor cells are arrested in the mitotic cycle and undergo apoptosis and death. These drugs promote microtubule depolymerization or polymerization by utilizing their dynamic properties, ultimately altering the normal cellular processes. Anti-tumor drugs targeting microtubules have recently been cumulatively approved against NSCLCs in clinical practice 11. Microtubules are polarized cytoskeletal structures 8, assembled from α-/β-tubulin heterodimers to form highly dynamic filaments, which play a crucial role in many physiological and pathological processes, including cell cycle and mobility 9, 10. Thus, identifying new drug targets and developing novel anti-cancer drugs remains a priority in lung cancer research. However, with prolonged medication, a large number of patients experience primary and secondary resistance and recurrence, necessitating the development of new drugs targeting promising molecules with clinical viability 6, 7. Due to recent developments in diagnosis and pharmaceuticals, molecular targeted therapy, such as those targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), have become increasingly important in the treatment of NSCLCs, leading to improved prognoses of patients 7. Furthermore, advanced NSCLCs exhibit robust invasion and migration, leading to poor prognoses despite comprehensive treatments, such as radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy with multi-drug combinations 6. As NSCLCs are often asymptomatic in the early stages, most patients are diagnosed with mid to late-stage tumors for which resection is no longer feasible 4, 5. Lung cancer can be classified into two types based on the differentiation degrees and cell morphological features: small cell lung cancers (SCLCs) and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), with the latter being more common (~ 85%), and posing a greater threat to patients’ survival 4. ![]() It is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide 1. ![]() Lung cancer is a highly prevalent malignant tumor worldwide and is associated with high mortality 1, 2, 3. ![]()
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